For Parents & Safeguarding Leads

Signs and how to talk about it

Physical signs

  • Rapid muscle gain disproportionate to training time
  • Acne breakouts, especially on the back and shoulders
  • Finding vials, syringes, or blister packs of tablets
  • Injection marks on the glutes, thighs, or deltoids
  • Water retention or a noticeably puffy face
  • Stretch marks from unusually rapid muscle growth

Behavioural signs

  • Obsessive focus on physique, frequent body-checking in mirrors
  • Becoming secretive about supplements or packages arriving
  • Mood swings: irritability, aggression, or emotional flatness
  • Withdrawal from family or non-gym friends
  • Increased unexplained spending
  • Sudden dietary rigidity: tracking macros, refusing family meals

What to say

  • Come from curiosity, not accusation

    "I've noticed you've been really dedicated to the gym. Tell me about it."

  • Acknowledge their effort

    "I can see how hard you've been working. I respect that."

  • Make it clear you won't punish or shame them

    "I'm not here to judge. I just want to make sure you're safe."

What not to say

  • Don't lead with ultimatums or threats

    "If you don't stop right now, I'll..."

  • Don't dismiss or belittle their reasons

    "That's so vain" or "Real men don't need that"

  • Don't use scare tactics that aren't evidence-based

    "You'll be dead by 30" (this will destroy your credibility)

Identifying use in under 18s

Research suggests boys as young as 13 are now using. Under-18s face additional risks because the body is still developing.

Why under-18s are higher risk

  • Growth plates can fuse prematurely, permanently stunting height
  • The endocrine system is still maturing — steroids can cause lasting hormonal disruption and infertility
  • Brain development continues until the mid-20s — mood regulation, impulse control, and emotional processing are all affected
  • Younger users are less likely to use harm reduction practices

What to look for in a school or youth setting

  • A pupil whose physique has changed dramatically over a short period, especially during holidays
  • Gym culture becoming the dominant identity within a peer group
  • Language from manosphere content: "looksmaxxing", "mewing", "getting on"
  • Packages arriving at school or being exchanged between pupils
  • Conversations about supplements escalating to SARMs and testosterone

When to seek professional help

  • They are under 18 and using or planning to use
  • Suicidal thoughts, self-harm, or severe personality changes
  • Escalating use: higher doses, more compounds, shorter breaks between cycles
  • Sharing needles or using non-sterile injection practices

In an emergency: Call 999. For mental health crisis, call Samaritans on 116 123 (free, 24/7).

Frequently asked questions

If they're mid-cycle, abruptly stopping can cause hormonal crashes, depression, and physical side effects. For adults, confiscation often damages trust without solving the underlying issue. A better approach may be to insist on medical oversight — blood work and GP involvement — as a condition of continuing. If they are under 18, you have more grounds to intervene directly.